The Unteched Perspective Series Internationalization in Indian Higher Education: From Policy to Practice

Part 1: Rethinking Internationalization

A Personal Perspective on NEP 2020 and the Future of Indian Universities

By Sultana Khan, Founder – Unteched

Before You Read

The thoughts shared in this series are not intended to be a policy interpretation or a definitive guide to implementing the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020.

They are simply my perspective—shaped by nearly two decades of working with universities, educators, students, and international institutions across India and overseas.

Over the years, I have had the privilege of collaborating with higher education institutions from different countries, facilitating international partnerships, designing academic immersion programs, supporting student mobility, and engaging with university leaders who are all working towards a common goal: preparing students for a rapidly changing and interconnected world.

One thing has become increasingly clear to me.

Internationalization is no longer an aspiration reserved for a few globally ranked universities. It is becoming an essential part of how every institution prepares its students, strengthens its faculty, builds research capabilities, and contributes to society.

The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 has accelerated this conversation by encouraging Indian universities to think beyond traditional boundaries and embrace global engagement as an integral part of higher education.

However, policies provide direction.

Transformation comes through implementation.

Through this series, I hope to share my observations, experiences, and reflections on what internationalization could look like in practice—not as a policymaker, but as someone who has spent years working alongside institutions striving to build meaningful global partnerships.

I do not believe there is one perfect model.

Every university has its own vision, priorities, strengths, and challenges.

My intention is simply to contribute to an important conversation—one that I believe will shape the future of Indian higher education.

 

Rethinking Internationalization

When the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 was introduced, it marked one of the most significant moments in the evolution of Indian higher education.

Among its many transformative ideas, one area particularly resonated with me: the vision of internationalization.

For many years, international engagement within universities has often been associated with a few familiar activities.

Signing Memorandums of Understanding.

Sending a handful of students abroad.

Hosting international delegations.

Participating in overseas education fairs.

While these activities certainly have value, I believe NEP 2020 invites us to think much more broadly.

It challenges us to ask a much bigger question:

What does it truly mean for a university to become internationally engaged?

To me, internationalization is not about increasing numbers.

It is not about how many countries appear on a university’s website.

It is about creating an educational ecosystem where global perspectives become part of everyday learning, teaching, research, and institutional growth.

Beyond Student Recruitment

One observation I have made throughout my journey is that conversations around internationalization often begin—and unfortunately end—with student recruitment.

How many students are going abroad?

How many international students have enrolled?

How many partnerships have been signed?

These are important indicators.

But perhaps they are not the most meaningful ones.

Instead, I believe universities should also be asking:

  • Are our students developing a global mindset?
  • Are our faculty members collaborating with international peers?
  • Are research partnerships creating knowledge that benefits society?
  • Are students engaging with different cultures and perspectives during their education?
  • Are industry collaborations preparing graduates for an increasingly global workforce?

These questions, in my view, reflect the deeper intent of internationalization.

 

Internationalization Is Not a Department

One of the biggest misconceptions I encounter is the belief that internationalization belongs solely to an International Office.

In reality, meaningful internationalization touches every part of an institution.

It influences:

  • Academic planning
  • Curriculum design
  • Faculty development
  • Research collaborations
  • Student learning
  • Industry engagement
  • Innovation
  • Institutional culture

When internationalization becomes part of an institution’s DNA rather than the responsibility of a single department, its impact becomes far more sustainable.

 

A New Opportunity for Indian Universities

India is entering an exciting chapter in higher education.

We have one of the world’s largest student populations, an expanding research ecosystem, increasing global recognition, and a policy environment that actively encourages international collaboration.

This presents an extraordinary opportunity.

Rather than viewing internationalization as an additional activity, universities can embrace it as a long-term institutional strategy that strengthens teaching, research, employability, innovation, and global engagement.

The objective is not to imitate universities elsewhere.

It is to build globally connected institutions that remain deeply rooted in India’s own academic strengths and aspirations.

 

From Activities to Impact

Perhaps the most significant shift I hope to see is a move away from measuring activity towards measuring impact.

Instead of celebrating the number of MOUs signed or delegations hosted, perhaps we should also ask:

  • What did our students gain from these partnerships?
  • How have our faculty members grown professionally?
  • What new research opportunities have emerged?
  • How have these collaborations strengthened our institution?
  • What lasting value have we created for learners?

Activities generate visibility.

Meaningful outcomes create transformation.

Looking Ahead

Internationalization is not a destination.

It is a continuous journey of learning, collaboration, innovation, and shared purpose.

As Indian higher education continues to evolve, I believe our greatest opportunity lies not in simply building international connections, but in creating partnerships that genuinely enrich teaching, research, student development, and institutional growth.

The future of higher education will not be defined by the universities that travel the most.

It will be shaped by those that collaborate with purpose, learn continuously, and prepare graduates to contribute confidently in an interconnected world.

That, to me, is the true spirit of internationalization.

A Conversation for University Leaders

As I conclude this first article, I wouldd like to leave you with a few questions—not because I have all the answers, but because I believe these conversations deserve a place in every institution.

  • What does internationalization currently mean at your university?
  • Is it viewed as the responsibility of an International Office, or is it embedded within your institution’s long-term academic strategy?
  • If international student recruitment stopped tomorrow, would your university still consider itself internationally engaged?
  • How are your faculty members contributing to global learning and collaboration?
  • What opportunities exist for students who may never have the chance to study abroad?
  • Are your international partnerships creating measurable outcomes, or are they primarily ceremonial?
  • If you were designing your university’s internationalization strategy today, what would you do differently?

There may not be one correct answer.

Every institution has its own context, priorities, and aspirations.

But perhaps the most important step is simply beginning the conversation.

I would genuinely welcome your thoughts and perspectives. Through open dialogue, we often discover ideas that are stronger than any one institution could develop alone.

Coming Next in The Unteched Perspective Series

Part 2: From Partnerships to Purpose

Why Universities Need an Internationalization Strategy, Not Just International Activities

Many universities proudly showcase international collaborations, exchange programmes, conferences, and Memorandums of Understanding (MOUs). Yet an important question remains:

Do these activities, on their own, create meaningful internationalization?

In the next article, I will explore the difference between being internationally active and being strategically international, and why a clear institutional strategy is essential to transform individual initiatives into measurable, long-term impact.

I look forward to continuing this conversation with you.

About the Author

MS. SULTANA KHAN

Sultana Khan is the Founder of Unteched, a higher education solutions company dedicated to advancing the internationalization of universities through strategic collaborations, academic immersion programs, student mobility, faculty development, and global partnerships. Drawing on her experience working with institutions across India and internationally, she shares practical perspectives on building meaningful global engagement that creates lasting value for students, educators, and institutions.